Formation Continue du Supérieur

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

41 young innovative companies
'Young innovative company' (YIC) status was introduced to encourage people to set up and expand SMEs that carry out R&D. In 2013, their intramural R&D expenditure totalled €830 million and was focused primarily within the service sector. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

40 occupational integration for 2010 PhD graduates, 5 years after being awarded their degree
In 2015, the unemployment rate for 2010 PhD graduates was close to 7%, compared to 9% two years previously. Despite this improvement, the situation for PhD graduates, in particular for Doctors of Life and Earth Sciences or, to a lesser extent, Arts and Human Sciences, is not as good as for graduates in other disciplines. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

39 PhDs and PhD graduates
The survey on doctoral schools carried out by the MENESR counted 75,600 students enrolled on a PhD programme at the start of the 2014-15 academic year. This number was 7% less than in the academic year 2009-10. The fall in the number of PhD students mainly concerns social sciences (law, economics, management, sociology, anthropology, etc.) and human sciences and humanities (literature, languages, arts, history, Physical Education and Sports Science and Techniques etc.) ( -13% between 2009 and 2014). It was considerably less marked in scientific disciplines ( -1%). More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

38 researchers in business enterprises
In 2013, almost 220,000 researchers were involved in R&D activity in business enterprises in France. This is a young population, with a low proportion of women (20%), the majority with an engineering degree. In business enterprises, only 12% of researchers have a PhD and 17% have a Master's degree. The socio-economic characteristics of researchers, however, depend on the company's sector of research. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

37 gender equality in research
In 2013, women represented 30% of all research personnel, and a little over a quarter of researchers. Furthermore, 40% of government research personnel are women compared to 22% in business enterprises, a contrast that is not unique to France. The proportions differ according to the field of research, with the most women being present in medicine, chemistry and agronomy. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

36 human resources in research and development
In 2013, 575,300 people in France were involved in research-related activity. They represented 418,100 full-time equivalents (FTE), an increase of 9.3% in 5 years. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

35 funding and performance of R&D in France
Businesses based in France fund around 55% of the country's gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD). Total expenditure on R&D by firms is €33.7 billion, which is 85% funded (€28.5 billion) by companies in France and 8% (€2.7 billion) by the government. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

34 the socio-economic objectives of budget allocations devoted to research and development
In 2015, the Inter-ministerial Mission for Research and Higher Education assigned budget allocations worth €13 billion to research and development. Around 80% of these allocations went to research and higher education institutions in the form of public service subsidies. Operating expenditure accounted for 13% (€1.7 billion) of the allocations, while 9% were spent on international programmes and institutions. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

33 funding of research and technology by local authorities
In 2014, local authorities devoted €1.3 billion to funding research and technology (R&T). This funding went in large part towards property transactions and technology transfer and innovation. Regional councils accounted for two-thirds of R&T funding, while municipalities were the second local contributor. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

31 funding for public research and development
Since 2013, the R&D tax credit (CIR) has included three components according to the type of eligible expenditure: research expenditure, innovation expenditure and collection expenditure for the textile-clothing-leather sectors.
The amount of tax credit paid out in totalled €5.57 billion for research expenditure, €74 million for innovation expenditure and €65 million for collection expenditure, a total of €5.7 billion. More...