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Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

50 technological production by France measured by patents with the United States Patent and Trademark Office
A patent for an invention is a title that gives its holder an exclusive right to exploit the invention for a certain time and in a limited territory. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

49 France's technological production as measured by patent applications to the European Patent Office
In 2013, France was ranked 4th in the world in the European patent system with 6.3% of applications recorded. Its main specialisations are in the sub-fields of 'Transport' and 'Micro-structures and nano-technology'. In all fields combined, France's world share has been stable since 2008. During this time, however, the share of France's European patents involving international collaboration has increased by 10%. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

48 France's worldwide position in terms of scientific publications
In 2014, France was ranked 6th in the world with 3.3% of all scientific publications worldwide. Like its major European counterparts, the country's share of publications is in decline, but its impact index is increasing and is above the world average. Of the top 10 countries in the world, France has the highest rate of international collaboration. The European Union and the United States are France's foremost scientific partners. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

47 France's scientific publications
In 2014, with the exception of Social Sciences, Humanities and Mathematics, the visibility of French publications (observed impact index) and that of the scientific journals in which they were published (expected impact index) were higher than the worldwide average in all subject areas. The average visibility of French publications was highest in the fields of Applied Biology and Ecology and, to a lesser degree, Astro-Sciences, Chemistry and Physics. It was also in these broad subject areas, together with Engineering Sciences, that French publications appeared in journals with higher international visibility. Between 2009 and 2014, France's observed impact index and expected impact index increased for all major subject areas, with the exception of Mathematics and Engineering Sciences. The visibility of French publications and that of the journals in which they were published increased most in the fields of Medical Research, Applied Biology and Ecology and Social Sciences and Humanities. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

46 France in the European Research Area via its participation in H2020
In 18 months, France has received €1.2bn for its participation in the Horizon 2020 European Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. With 11.1% of subsidies allocated, France is the 3rd largest beneficiary of European allocations for research. Its participation appears to have consolidated in comparison to its performances during the last year of the previous programme. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

44 R&D activities in the digital sector
In 2013, R&D expenditure devoted either directly or indirectly to environmental issues was estimated to be €5 billion, equivalent to 10% of France's gross domestic expenditure on R&D. 60% of expenditure on environmental research and development (excluding Energy and Transport) was incurred by businesses (compared with 20% in 2000). More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

44 R&D activities in the digital sector
Intramural expenditure on research and development by business enterprises on information and communication technology (ICT) amounted to €6.4 billion in 2013, i.e. 21% of all business intramural expenditure on R&D. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

43 business R&D in new materials and nanotechnology
In 2013, nearly a quarter of firms in France that carried out R&D in-house incurred R&D expenditure in the fields of new materials or nanotechnology. Overall research expenditure in these two fields was €3.5 billion in 2013, or 11.4% of total BERD. More...

Like the previous editions, the 9th edition of Higher Education and Research in France, Facts and Figures presents an annual overview, backed up by figures, of developments within the French system, its resources and outcomes.

42 business R&D in biotechnology
Intramural business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) in the field of biotechnology totalled €3.0 billion in 2013, accounting for around 10% of BERD. The proportion of firms active in this field of research has remained stable compared to 2012, at 11%. Firms that specialise in biotechnology are mostly small enterprises. More...