By Carlotta Balestra, Policy Analyst, OECD. As the recent OECD reports Closing the Gender Gap: Act Now and How’s Life? 2013 show, gender equality in the workplace is neither a luxury in times of crisis nor just an issue of fairness and equity – gender equality is also about smart and efficient economies. How do we expect to propel economies to new heights when men’s and women’s potential is not fully realised?
Job inequality
Over the past twenty years, women have made huge gains in the workplace but full job equality is still far from reality. Across OECD countries, the gender gap in employment rates narrowed by an average of 10 percentage points between 1990 and 2012. In 2012, an average of 60% of women were employed in OECD countries, compared with 53% in 1990. However, the levelling down of gender gaps in employment does not merely reflect women’s strides in the workplace, but also men’s worsening labour market situation during the recent economic downturn. As such, it cannot only be viewed as a genuine progress in gender equality.
Women are still under-represented in high-value jobs (e.g., on average, less than 25% of scientists and engineers are women) and find it much harder to access the most senior posts. Data from the OECD Gender Data Portal reveal that less than one-third of managers are women and the number of men who own a business with employees is three times the number of women. More...