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This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. Read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
Getting (Syrian) refugees into education – The European region’s response to global challenges through education
It is now over four years that Syrian higher education is being gradually phased out, through the country’s civil war and recently the armed conflict with Da’esh (the Islamic State), with only an estimated 5 per cent of the age group1 between 18 to 24 presently enrolled in higher education. After a long period of immobilism, the Syrian student refugees’ situation is now widely covered by the media throughout Europe and the world. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
Call to Action in Response to the Refugee Crisis
There are numerous initiatives being put in place at various levels of action to respond to the humanitarian crisis of refugees fleeing their homes to seek security and peace elsewhere. Higher Education institutions and their organizations are also mobilizing. We are pleased to share a few such initiatives, some linked to the UN Global Compact here: www.unprme.org/resource-docs/MobilizingAcademicCommunityActionToRefugeeCrisis.pdf, others to the UN more directly here: https://business.un.org/; or in Europe: www.resettlement. eu/page/supporting-refugeesaccess-higher-education. The European University Association (EUA) developed a portal to map initiatives developped by European higher education institutions to assist refugees. This portal can be accessed online at: www.eua.be/activitiesservices/ eua-campaigns/refugees-welcome-map. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
The Privatization of Higher Education in the United States
Like much else in the United States, higher education is complex and diverse. Four essential realities must be kept in mind with regard to understanding privatization trends. First, privatization is part of a broader debate about the public good and the private good. The idea that higher education is a private good and thus should be paid for by the user – students – has come to dominate much social thinking. Some would call this neoliberalism. Secondly, the enrolment expansion over the past half-century combined with the financial strains of the recent “great recession”, have placed great stress on public funding. Third, the United States has always had a strong private higher education sector. Indeed, private colleges and universities (including 2-year institutions) outnumber public ones by 2,441 to 1,699 – although 80 percent of enrolments are in the public sector. Finally, a fourth reality is the fact that higher education is a responsibility of the 50 states, not the federal government, and thus both funding and regulatory forces are largely at the state level. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
Blurring Lines between Public and Private Higher Education Institutions – The Case of the Arab World
Current trends show dramatic changes in the landscape of higher education. The expansion of private universities and the tendency, due to cuts in government financing, to privatize public ones have led to unprecedented confusion, blurring the dynamic of private-public higher education relations. The situation in the Arab World is no exception. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
Private or public: higher education under the rules of the market
The higher education landscape is increasingly becoming fragmented and layered as it stands aloof from its long history. A rather coherent and clear division existed between private and public higher education institutions (HEIs) until the 20th century. The Medieval universities were set up primarily as private institutions under the endowment of religious or political powers serving as social reproduction instruments for the elite. With the rise of the nation-state in 17th century, universities were subjected to increasing State control and this trend continued into the 19th and 20th centuries as the Modern universities moved from elite to mass institutions. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
Leading towards a muddled future: A discourse on Pakistani Higher Education System
What would one envision about the future of our society in context of blurred higher education system of Pakistan? There are about two hundred universities imparting higher education in Pakistan, half of which are private. Additionally, about four thousand affiliated colleges are catering the needs of higher education, having the same proportionate number of public and private colleges. The two types of higher education institutions are producing two different kinds of educational outcomes in terms of cultural attributes, personality traits, academic and professional skills, and employability. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?
The papers you are about to read are to introduce the theme of the IAU 2017 International Conference and the upcoming 2017 Global Meeting of Associations (GMA-7).
For the first time since 2005, it has been decided that both prestigious events would be held one after the other and will allow participants in each event to also have an opportunity to meet and exchange on the outcomes of the different debates. Both events will take place in Africa. Initial invitations have been received from Ghana. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. It focuses specifically on the preparations for the IAU 15th General Conference; provides a full report of the outcomes of the IAU 2015 International Conference and details results and opportunities linked to the IAU key thematic priorities of work. As well please read about the new Members welcomed since October ; read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
The 2015 IAU International Conference, 28-30 October 2015 – Siena, Italy
The 2015 IAU International Conference was held at the University of Siena between 28th and 30th October. The selected theme, Internationalization of Higher Education: Moving beyond mobility was both interesting and relevant. Indeed, this theme stimulated a reflection by all involved in internationalization of higher education interested in considering what place the issue of student mobility should be granted in an international strategy. The IAU and its Programme Committee must be thanked for proposing this agenda, for organising the discussion at two levels – plenary and smaller discussion sessions –, for the quality of the speakers and selected panellists and their presentations1. All these factors, as well as the wonderful venue at the University of Siena, and the seriousness and the involvement of more than 400 participants, contributed to make the Conference a genuine success. The two days of discussions and debates advanced the understanding of the current state of the art in international academic mobility and offered perspectives for going beyond mobility while, at the same time, renewing it. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.

Ce numéro propose une sélection d’articles sur deux dossiers d’importance: le premier a pour titre la distinction entre enseignement supérieur public ou privé s’estompe: vers quoi nous dirigeons nous ?, tandis que le second concerne les initiatives de promotion de l’accès des réfugiés à l’enseignement supérieur. AIU Horizons, Vol.21, No.3.
15ème Conférence Générale de l’AIU, 13-16 novembre 2016, Bangkok, Thailand
La 15ème Conférence générale de l’AIU portera sur le partage des stratégies et des pratiques démontrant comment les établissements d’enseignement supérieur répondent au double besoin d’innovation et de durabilité. Tout aussi important, la Conférence déterminera ce que les EES peuvent faire de plus, en particulier à travers l’AIU, pour devenir de véritables moteurs de changement. Suite dans AIU Horizons, Vol.21, No.3.

This issue is fully devoted to the presentation of IAU projects and initiatives. Read the papers selected for two dossiers, one on The blurring divide between public and private higher education: where does it lead?, with papers from Pakistan, France, Saudi Arabia and the US and the second on the initiatives developed to assist Refugees wishing to integrate higher education. IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.
The 15th IAU General Conference, 13-16 november 2016, Bangkok, Thailand
The 15th IAU General Conference will focus on sharing strategies and practices that demonstrate how higher education institutions contribute to innovation and sustainability. Equally importantly, the Conference will determine what more HEIs can do, especially through IAU, to become true catalysts for change. More in IAU Horizons, vol.21, no.3.