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The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
The In Focus section of the magazine includes 14 papers focusing on Innovative Approaches to Doctoral Education in Africa.
By Hilligje van’t Land, IAU Director Membership and Programme Development (h.vantland@iau-aiu.net). Universities around the world are the “thought leaders and knowledge providers in the required structural transformation process for the economy” (Aryeetey). To live up to this assumption and expectation, higher education institutions need to constantly enhance their teaching and research in order to generate the kind of research required to trigger innovation around the world. The same obviously applies to institutions in Africa.
To contribute significantly to the global debates, to ensure that the African institutions generate the kind of “experts and leaders of solutions” the African continent needs (Lungren), Higher Education leaders in the continent are rethinking African doctoral programmes and their management. The rethinking and reform processes initiated over the last two decades are bearing fruits (Ambali, Malete, Lima Fortes), yet they need to be pursued and developed further.
In order to contribute and stimulate the process, the IAU initiated the www.ideaphd. net Portal on Innovative Approaches to Doctoral Education in Africa (IDEA). Developed in partnership with Association for Catalan Public Universities (ACUP), it provides examples on how to develop and manage a PhD; shares information on very diverse national and international Projects and Initiatives; presents HEI profiles and lists various Funding opportunities. It also lists events relating to the topic and will soon become an exchange platform for leaders, programme managers and researchers administrators.
This In Focus section follows the same ‘logic’ in that it presents a series of papers contributed by experts from around Africa and beyond, in which they share their views on how to foster Capacity building, institutional reform and innovation, address the key challenges institutions face, in particular with regards to supervision, and discusses funding needs.
Capacity Building
African HEIs strive to ensure quality teaching and research in order to deliver the number of quality students wishing and capable of undertaking and successfully completing a doctoral programmes in a set time that the continent needs to address the challenges it faces. Some African HEIs need to develop into ‘world class’ universities (Aryettey) to attract the right professors, researchers and students from the continent and abroad who will jointly generate the kind of research needed locally, regionally and globally. Papers published here stress the importance to further reform and restructure doctoral programmes claiming that they should be able to perform better. Papers draw attention to the research is being carried out at IAU, EUA, ACU and ACUP projects, and by Cross and Backhouse, to enable institutions to compare, revisit, reform and enhance their doctoral programmes and their management practices strategically (Lundgren, Aryeetey, Lima Fortes, Sy).
Supervision
For doctoral students to become true researchers, autonomous critical thinkers, decision makers and innovators, who are able to develop original research questions – and even good communicators and true research ambassadors - , they need to be accompanied, trained and supervised adequately throughout their doctoral studies (Boughey and McKenna, Wainaina Mwaura). This is a challenge in itself since, with the massification of higher education on the one hand and the limited capacity at many institutions and far as academic and administrative staff is concerned, there are not enough supervisors available (see: Wainaina Mwaura). In addition, in order for supervision to be of quality, the authors argue that much attention needs to be devoted to training the trainers and supervisors adequately (Boughey and McKenna, Wainaina Mwaura). E-supervision is one avenue being investigated (see: Gmelch and Vilalta). The further development of solid, open and ‘equitable’ institutional and inter-institutional partnerships locally, regionally and internationally is also being investigated (see: Lima Fortes, Malete, Jorgensen, Aryeetey).
The role of funding
Substantial financial support is obviously essential. But funding should not only be sourced from international donors, as was and is often the case. Aryeetey, Ambali and Malete make the case for national university systems and individual institutions to be strengthened by governments to ensure the relevance of teaching and research locally and to ensure financial sustainability and, as a consequence, sustainability of programmes and HE systems as a whole (see: Lima Fortes, Lundgren, Ajai Ajagbe, Matondi and Tibugari).
Studies
Examples of exchange platforms offered by international organisations, like the EUA, ACU, ACUP and IAU, to promote inter-institutional dialogue and understanding and help enhance the development the development of networks, innovative partnerships and new cooperation are being highlighted. The papers give examples of research carried out in close cooperation with local institutions and experts have triggered innovative reform process (Ambali, Wainaina Mwaura, ACUP, ACU for instance). A number of new projects are also also presented (ACU, IAU, ACUP, Cross and Backhouse).
To contribute to the discussions and to enhance the portal, please go to the following website www.iau-aiu.net/content/doctoralprogrammes or contact the IAU at: h.vantland@iau-aiu.net.

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
Working Group on Higher Education and Sustainable Development (WG-HESD) renewed.
The terms of Reference of the WG-HESD have been reviewed and adopted at the IAU Board Meeting, held in Manchester, in April. Building on the IAU Policy statement entitled: IAU Kyoto Declaration on Sustainable Development and the related activities, the Members of the WG-HESD advises the Administrative Board and the Secretary General on the overall positioning of IAU within this broad theme. More specifically the Working Group provides recommendations on initiatives and strategic partnerships to be pursued by IAU to enhance higher education’s contribution to sustainable development. The Group will also provide advice how to actively engage IAU Members and other experts in the areas as providing strategic direction for the further development of the global IAU portal on HESD (www. iau-hesd.net – see below) and will contribute to defining the IAU 2014 International Conference 2014 on Blending Higher Education and Traditional Knowledge for Sustainable Development.
The IAU Global Platform on Higher Education and Sustainable Development (HESD) fosters your actions towards sustainability online.
Our new portal on HESD is a collaborative platform aiming at centralising and disseminating information on activities and actions undertaken all over the world by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and related to higher education and sustainable development. You can navigate the portal online at: www.iau-hesd.net and provide us with your feedback and comments on any aspect using the following form: www.iau-hesd.net/en/contact.
What is available (in English and French)?
A homepage featuring latest news, actions, projects, or documents relating to HESD; and additions featured;
A map localising institutions and organisations actively promoting HESD;
A global calendar listing events related to HESD;
A database linking key charts, declarations, other key documents on HESD;
A series of practices describing actions towards sustainability as undertaken by HEIs, organisations and the civil society;
Research tools.
Why contribute?
To showcase the wealth of your activities and lead others to develop similar or new innovative approaches to HESD;
To ensure the information published on the portal to be accurate and up-to-date.
To improve the existing information fed through desk top research and provided by Member Institutions.
Your University will receive full benefit for actions / documents / etc., submitted and full visibility online. Participation is free of charge and your input will not be reused without your prior consent.
How can you contribute to the platform?
Everyone can contribute. The HESD Portal will bring together the whole Higher Education Community:
Global, regional and national stakeholders: intergovernmental organisations, associations, nongovernmental and not-for-profit organisations working in the field of Higher Education. Countries Administrations, Ministries of Education, Academia, HE administrators;
Higher Education Institutions actors: thinkers, administrative staff, teachers, students.
Contributions:
You can share information and promote your work by entering related projects and documents, using the submission form: www.iau-hesd.net/en/node/1413 For future reference, thank you for providing IAU with the contact details for the person in charge of sustainable development activities at your institution (if such a person is appointed), including Title, Name, Function, E-mail.
The portal is being presented at different events organised by IAU Secretariat, IAU Members and UNESCO in the context of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UN-DESD – www.unesco.org) and will act as gauge indicating the involvement of HEIs in the process and adherence to the principles. Milestones to be penned down in your agendas:
Iquitos, Peru, March 19-21 2014 – IAU International Conference on Blending Higher Education, Sustainable Development and Indigenous Knowledge (www.iau-aiu. net/content/international-conferences);
Aichi-Nagoya, Japan, 10-12 November 2014 – UNESCO World Conference on Education for Sustainable Development – Learning Today for a Sustainable Future (www.unesco.org/new/en/education/events/calendar-ofevents/ education-global-conferences/) Contact: Dr. Hilligje van’t Land (h.vantland@iau-aiu.net).
The IAU-HESD Project is undertaken with financial support from the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida).

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
Report on IAU Vth Global Meeting of Associations (GMA V). The IAU Vth Global Meeting of Associations (GMA V) was organized by IAU in collaboration with the Northern Consortium UK (NCUK) and the University of Salford. It took place at the impressive “The Lowry” building, in Salford Quays, Manchester UK.
This edition of the GMA focused on: Institutional Diversity in Higher Education: Advantage or Threat for Association? This theme was chosen for the meeting because it is key challenge for most higher education organisations, networks, and associations who are all operating in an era of rapidly increasing numbers and types of HEIs around the world. Indeed, this phenomenon calls for a deeper reflexion on how this trend will shape higher education globally, and what role higher education institutions and HEI networks can play in shaping the future landscape.
Over 70 participants took part in the day-and a half long meeting, including representatives of all the major regional HE associations: the African Association of Universities (AAU), the European University Association (EUA), the Arab Association of Universities (ArAU), the Union of Latin American Universities (UDUAL), the Association of Universities of Asia and the Pacific (AUAP), as well as the Agence universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), the Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU), the Inter American Organization of Universities (IOHE) and national associations and specialized groups from Europe, Africa and North America and Australia.
The discussions began with a thought-provoking presentation by Prof. Ellen Hazelkorn, on Re-imaging Higher Education: Taking a Broader View of Diversity. She defined the concept of diversity and drew attention to: how core tasks diverge; what types of institutions there are; what programmes they focus on; research led or not and how; what student and staff profiles are. She also noted what kind of internal organizations the HEIs fare on –, its specific significance / positioning, mission and visions in the 21st Century; the drivers for the institutional changes over time; the values of diversity and why it is important to strengthen it. Her presentation is available online for you to consult and further reflect on.
Once again the GMA allowed participants from diverse backgrounds a a unique opportunity to interact in small groups of peers, to exchange ideas and practices, and to network closely with each other. There was also opportunity to learn more about the issues at stake in the British and Irish higher education sectors. The report on the GMA V discussions is available online, on the GMA webpages (www.iau-aiu.net/content/past-events). IAU would like to extend special thanks to John MacKenzie, Policy Officer to the Pro-Vice-Chancellor, International, and University of Salford for his invaluable organisational skills which contributed greatly to the success of this event. The IAU as well thanks its partners for its support and i-graduate for having sponsored this event. www.i-graduate.org

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
By Ellen Hazelkorn, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland (ellen.hazelkorn@dit.ie). The global economic crisis (henceforth Crisis) is having a profound impact on higher education: increasing pressure for higher education institutions (HEIs) to demonstrate greater relevance to and better value-for-money for individuals and society. The continuing shift to the knowledge-based economy, and the rising demand for and costs of higher education, are occurring at the same time that many governments face financial strain – with a knock-on effect on higher education budgets. At the same time, HEIs jockey for an improved position at national or international level as global rankings boost competition, placing issues of quality and performance under intense scrutiny. Faculty are also under pressure; calls for greater productivity and accountability challenge traditional work-practices and values.
Many of these challenges were manifest decades ago, but the confluence of factors associated with the Crisis has intensified their impact. It has become commonplace to say that HEIs need to “do more with less” but the changes being experienced now are not transitory modifications. Rather, these developments are combining to bring about a transformation in our broadly-accepted model of mass higher education. There is, however, a lack of deep-level evidence on what is actually happening in higher education: on the extent of change taking place, and on the impact on institutional priorities, quality and educational programmes, student choice and participation, resources and academic work.
An on-going study by the Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), in association with the International Association of Universities (IAU), aims to fill this gap in the knowledge of leaders, policy-makers and researchers. Using data on 34 institutions from 29 different countries, the study focuses on five key themes: mission, strategy, finance, quality and work practices. Institutions completed a web-based self-study between August 2012 and May 2013. Every continental region is represented at least once, although the majority of institutions are from Europe (52.9%); 80% are based in metropolitan areas with populations of over 50,000 people and were established from 1900 onwards, with 38% being established since 1970. Fifty per cent of respondents described themselves are research-informed or research-intensive. Participating institutions gathered for a Roundtable discussion on 10-11 June 2013, hosted by the Irish Higher Education Authority (HEA) to share their experiences, talk about some of the main issues and challenges they face, discuss how these issues can be addressed, and share good practices. These discussions will feed into the final report.
Preliminary results shows that the global economic crisis has affected all types and ages of HEIs with varying degrees of severity (see Figure 1). Almost 77% of respondents said the global crisis had made it more difficult for their institution to achieve its mission and goals. Fifty-six per cent respondents say they have been “quite a lot” or “very much” affected with respect to the income they receive or earn This affects not only the total income received or earned but the proportion between different sources. HEIs anticipate that the proportion of funding received directly from government will continue to fall over the years to 2015 while the proportion of institutional income constituted by research grants is likely to increase. Interestingly, respondents think that tuition fees are likely to remain relatively static as a proportion of income.
Accordingly, HEIs are making reductions in administration support, faculty recruitment, travel to conferences and meetings, and library budgets (see Figure 2). In an effort to find a sustainable business model, HEIs are looking at making wide ranging changes, including increasing academic workload; increasing class size; reducing or ceasing recruitment of staff; re-structuring institutional departments; improving procurement practices; and reducing salary overheads. The final report will be made available on the IAU website later in 2013; a notice about this will be included in a later version of this newsletter. In the meantime, if you would like to hear more about this study, please do not hesitate to contact Ellen Hazelkorn (ellen.hazelkorn@dit.ie).

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
16-18 October 2013: Third Conference of the Americas on International Education (CAIE 2013), Monterrey, Mexico.
For the third time, the IAU has been invited to partner with the organizers of the Conference of the Americas on International Education that is planned for 16-18 October, 2013 in Monterrey, Mexico. The third edition of the CAIE has, as its focus, Knowledge Mobility: Responsibility and Resources. The conference is being coordinated by the Inter-American Organization of Universities (IOHE) which holds the secretariat for CAIE until 2013 in collaboration with more than 20 organizations from Canada, the USA and Latin America. It is hosted by Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon and AMPEI, the Mexican association for international education. IAU has agreed to join once again the Advisory Committee for the Conference and to take part in the event which will examine the role of various actors in the processes of internationalization and discuss how best to mobilize and engage them in the interests of strengthening the quality of higher education. A large number of sessions, workshops and networking sessions are being planned. For more information and to get involved in diverse ways in the conference, please visit the new CAIE website: www.caie-caei.org.

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online. The In Focus section of the magazine includes 14 papers focusing on Innovative Approaches to Doctoral Education in Africa.
Ofering doctoral educati on has become for some, a sine qua non condition of a true university, a key indicator of research-based education and certainly an essential ingredient of innovation. Thus, the state and quality of doctoral programs, their evolution and development are at the centre of much attention, including in African higher education institutions. Doctoral education in Africa is the subject of the ‘In Focus’ section in this issue of IAU Horizons. The papers presented, coming from a variety of countries in sub- Saharan Africa, offer a concentrate of the challenges being addressed with more or less success, as leaders and academics strive to increase both the quality and the quantity of doctorate holders. Noting, inter alia, the absence of policy frameworks to structure doctoral education, the lack of financial resources to support their development, a very serious shortage of qualified supervisors in most countries and several other issues, the authors also report on initiatives and projects that offer possible solutions. Many of the authors are from universities that have taken part in the IAU project which has for some time now examined the ways doctoral education is changing and what models are being taken up in various universities in Africa. More information on this project is available at IAU’s new portal: www.idea-phd.net/.
Among its other regular features this issue of the IAU’s magazine includes a round-up of news from IAU Board Members who met in Salford, UK for the first Board meeting since their election in November 2012. As reported in the following pages, during the Board meeting various Working Groups and Committees were reconstituted to steer the IAU’s work on various themes in the coming months. The Board also set the working agenda for the upcoming months, confirming the plans for the IAU 2014 International Conference to take place in Iquitos, Peru in March next year. This Board meeting coincided with the 5th biennial edition of the IAU Global Meeting of Associations which invited leaders of university associations to discuss how diversity, particularly institutional diversity, impacted on their work. Association representatives from all continents noted that the concept of diversity itself can take on a variety of meanings and can certainly be both a major source of benefits for a higher educational system and a barrier in the efforts to create a strong, unified voice in support of higher education.
On the occasion of this GMA, IAU happily accepted an invitation from the Association of African Universities to hold the 6th GMA in Accra, Ghana in collaboration with AAU and the University of Ghana.
Diverse IAU activities related to the Association’s priority areas such as promoting equitable access and success in higher education or the launch of the 4th Global Survey on internationalization of higher education are also reported briefly. Institutional representatives seeking ways to get involved in the work of the IAU will also find useful information in the following pages, as we present various calls for expressions of interest for collaborating in IAU projects. And, should you not find the information you are seeking, be aware that IAU’s website is now complemented by three distinct and interactive portals focusing on projects related to doctoral education as noted above, higher education and sustainable development (www.iau-hesd.net) and higher education and Education for All (www.heefa.net), respectively. Eva Egron-Polak

The latest edition of the IAU Horizons (Vol. 19 No.2) is now available online.
The In Focus section of the magazine includes 14 papers focusing on Innovative Approaches to Doctoral Education in Africa.
It also features a report on the IAU’s 5th Global Meeting of Associations(GMA V) as well as on the 1st meeting of the IAU Administrative Board (2012-2016), which both took place in Salford, UK, in Spring. The magazine provides updates on recent IAU work, projects and activities developed in the context of the Association’s key priority themes, such as the launch of the IAU 4th Global Survey on Internationalization of Higher Education. It as well presents the latest IAU publications and a selection of books received at the IAU. Gilles Breton (University of Ottawa, Canada) this time contributes a column about “The Market University”. The magazine concludes with a Calendar of Events.

The IAU is pleased to share activities carried out by IAU Members, Women’s University in Africa and the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, to improve children’s learning through quality teacher education in response to IAU's call for support in the 2013 Global Action Week campaign, Every child needs a teacher.
At the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, the Centre of Excellence for Learning Diversity responds to varied needs of stakeholders while their university-community initiative, Academic Excellence Programme For Schoolers, aims to improve a community’s well-being through education and better trained student-teachers. Read more here.
The Women’s University in Africa focuses on ongoing teacher education through a comprehensive teacher education programme.
IAU decided to become involved in the 2013 Global Action Week due to this year's theme. IAU solicited support through its membership to raise awareness of the direct link between higher education and EFA.The Global Campaign for Education – a civil society movement whose aim is to help reach Education for All (EFA) - launches every year a Global Action Week to mobilize local and global support for EFA. This year’s theme of the Global Action Week is Every Child Needs a Teacher. It takes place from 21 to 27 April 2013.
Since teacher education is often taking place at the higher education level, IAU is taking action through the support of Education Department/Faculties and asks them to:

• Tell IAU about their activities. Show the community and the world what your institution is doing to improve child learning through quality teacher education. Send information on related activities to Ms. Nadja Kymlicka before 27 April 2013, it will be disseminated widely the week after.
• Run a campaign. Download the campaigning tools and put up free campaign posters at your faculty (available in Arabic, English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish). http://everychildneedsateacher.org/
• Get visible globally. Post information directly on the HEEFA Portal now!

With the assistance of an expert Advisory Committee and support from our sponsoring partners, British Council, the European Commission, NAFSA and EAIE, the IAU has now launched the survey which will collect institutional data on the state of higher education internationalization worldwide. 9,000 universities and other higher education institutions have been sent an electronic invitation to take part in the survey by completing an online questionnaire. The initial deadline for completing the questionnaire is June 30 and each institution can chose to complete the survey in English, French of Spanish. All respondents who complete the questionnaire fully will receive a copy of the Executive Summary of the 4th Global Survey Report which will be prepared by IAU in 2014.
The invitations have been sent to the Heads of HEIs and/or to the individuals responsible for International Relations/Office. IAU aims to double its sample size in this 4rth edition of the Survey and so, everyone’s help is needed. Please ensure that your institution is completing the questionnaire and if you have doubts or wish to receive more information, please contact the IAU at: iau@iau-aiu.net.
More information on the 3rd Global Survey Report published by IAU in 2010 is available here.

IAU is seeking applications from Librarians in African IAU Member institutions / organisations to participate in the Validation Workshop of the IAU project on The Role of Academic Librarians in the Development, Use and Reuse of Open Educational Resources (OER).
The Workshop aims to obtain feedback on and improve the IAU project, and work on possible ways forward for its implementation from an African perspective.
It will take place in Accra, Ghana from 12 to 13 September 2013 and is being organised in collaboration with the Association of African Universities (AAU). The working language will be English.
The Workshop has obtained financial support from the UNESCO Participatory Fund.
To find out more about the Workshop and the Project read the Call for Participation and return a completed application form.
Deadline for applications: 10 June 2013
Contact: Amanda Sudic or Isabelle Turmaine