Why Data Is Never Raw

By Stephen Downes - Stephen's Web. Why Data Is Never Raw
Nick Barrowman, The New Atlantis, 2019/01/18
There's so much emphasis on things like evidence-based decision-making, or data-driven learning, as though the proponents had never read Kuhn, Lakatos and Laudan. It bears repeating, especially in these days of big data, that "data is never simply given, nor should it be accepted on faith. How data are construed, recorded, and collected is the result of human decisions — decisions about what exactly to measure, when and where to do so, and by what methods". More...