Germany : Continuing vocational education and training (CVET) for adults

Continuing education and training is understood to be the continuation or resumption of organised learning following completion of an initial phase of education of varying scope. In addition to continuing ‘vocational’ education/training, this includes continuing general and political education, which is subsumed under the heading of ‘adult education’. The field of CVET in Germany is characterised by: a pluralism of providers, a largely market character, and a comparatively minimal degree of regulation by the state. Only a small part of provision leads to a formal vocational qualification.
In July 2004, the Federation and the Länder adopted a joint strategy for lifelong learning to encourage and support learning for all citizens of all ages and at all stages in their lives which takes place at different locations with different teaching forms. Lifelong learning includes all formal, non-formal and informal learning.
Promotion of CVET for unemployed people and those at risk of unemployment is the responsibility of the Federal Employment Agency (Bundesagentur für Arbeit - BA). The BA is under the jurisdiction of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales - BMAS).
There are a large number of collective agreements that contain training provisions (often in conjunction with other issues requiring regulation such as industrial safety and environmental protection, personnel and skills development, company and work organisation, remuneration arrangements, working hours etc.).
There are group-specific differences in participation similar to those seen in formal, organised CVET, i.e., salaried employees who have not completed any form of formal vocational training, blue-collar workers, foreign nationals and women are the most underrepresented groups in informal CVET.
Patuloy na edukasyon at pagsasanay ay naiintindihan na ang pagpapatuloy o pagpapatuloy ng pag-aaral ng mga sumusunod na inayos na pagkumpleto ng mga unang bahagi ng pag-aaral ng iba't ibang saklaw. Sa karagdagan sa mga patuloy na 'bokasyonal' edukasyon / pagsasanay, kabilang dito ang patuloy na pangkalahatan at pampulitikang edukasyon, kung saan ay subsumed sa ilalim ng heading na 'adult na pag-aaral'.