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20 juillet 2009

Key Data on Education in Europe 2009

Key Data on Education in Europe sets out a very wide variety of both qualitative and quantitative indicators on different aspects of education systems in 31 European countries. The report presents a comparative analysis on how the education systems are organised, the human and financial resources invested in them, teaching processes and qualifications awarded. Full report. European press release. Press Memo.
Higher education has seen a massive rise in the number of students, in particular in the younger age groups and female students. In the EU-27, the share of GDP given over to education has largely remained stable, and some countries have even increased social investment in human capital over the last years.
Higher education: A significant rise in the number of students and increasing requirements for sustainable funding During the period from 1998 to 2006, the student population in tertiary education has been continuously rising in the European Union. In total, the number of students in European countries grew in those years by 25 % and amounts to 18.7 million students (Figure C13). In a majority of countries students are required to contribute financially to the cost of their studies (Eurydice, 2009b). At the same time, students in many countries may benefit from a range of financial support measures issued in accordance with different criteria to help meet the cost of living (Eurydice, 2007a).
The Commission Communication on delivering on the modernisation agenda for universities urges Member States to press on with the modernisation of Europe’s universities to achieve changes in the way in which systems are regulated, managed and financed, thereby  addressing the skills needs of Europe’s workforce. Important areas that need to be addressed by future reforms include increased investment from more diversified sources and adequate student support schemes to ensure high-quality education and research as well as greater efficiency and equity in higher education outcomes (European Commission, 2006b). Out of those total education enrolments (at ISCED levels 0-6) the proportion of those enrolled in tertiary education increased from 15.6 % in 2002 to 17.4 % in 2006 (Figure C12). In 2006, on average across the EU-27, 123 women enrolled for every 100 men (Figures C15 and C16). Women account for the very large majority of enrolments in three main fields of studies, namely 'education', 'health and welfare', 'humanities and arts'. At the other extreme, men largely outnumber women in 'engineering, manufacturing, construction' and 'science, mathematics, computing' and this situation has not changed much since 2002 (Figure C18). Tuition fees are a widespread form of private contribution which is adopted in 16 countries (Figure D15). Differences between countries in the amounts required are substantial, ranging from under PPS EUR 200 to over PPS EUR 1 000 (Figure D16). Financial support to cover the cost of living and/or to pay administrative fees and contributions to tuition
costs is awarded in almost all countries (Figure D14). In 2006, graduates in ‘social sciences, business and law’ account for over 35 % of all graduates in Europe, followed by 'health and welfare' graduates with 14.4 % and 'engineering' and 'humanities' with a little more than 12 % (Figure F5). The number of tertiary education graduates in ‘science and technology’ per 1000 inhabitants rose at EU level from 11 in 2002 to 13 in 2006 (Figure F9).
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